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Ashwagandha (Withania somniferum)
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Ashwagandha has a long history of use in India where it grows in altitudes up to 5500 feet, and where there are rainy seasons divided by dry ones. It has been used both in Folk medicine and in Ayurveda, the system of traditional medicine native to India.(1)(4) In Ayurveda it is considered a "Rayasana" herb which is said to improve overall health and increase longevity and vitality.
It's most commonly used name "Ashwagandha" means "horse's smell" in Sanskrit and refers to the smell of the herb however in Ayurvedi texts it is also said to give the strength and sexual vigor of a horse to a man. (11) Some refer to Ashwagandha as "Indian ginseng" since its use in Ayurvedic medicine resembles how Panax ginseng is used in traditional Chinese medicine. |
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Catmint (Nepeta cataria)
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Catmint is undoubtedly best recognized as an intoxicating herb that cats find to be irresistible. It is famous for inducing a delirious, stimulated state in felines. Throughout history, this herb has been used in humans to produce a relaxing effect. The use of Catmint as a mildly relaxing tea dates back to old England were it was a popular drink prior to the introduction and importation of teas from Asia. |
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Hops (Humulus lupulus)
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Hops appear to have been used in the breweries of the Netherlands in the beginning of the fourteenth century. In England they were not used in the composition of beer till nearly two centuries afterwards. The liquor prepared from fermented malt formed the favourite drink of our Saxon and Danish forefathers. The beverage went by the name of Ale (the word derived from the Scandinavian "öl" - the Viking's drink) and was brewed either from malt alone, or from a mixture of the latter with Honey and flavoured with Heath tops, Ground Ivy, and various other bitter and aromatic herbs, such as Marjoram, Buckbean, Wormwood, Yarrow, Woodsage or Germander and Broom. They knew not, however, the ale to which Hops give both flavour and preservation. |
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Indian Tobacco (Lobelia inflata)
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Lobelia inflata is native to northern North America and grows in meadows, waste places, fields and open woods. Lobelia inflata has a rich history of use. The herb is named after the French physician and botanist Matthias De Lobel (1570-1616). The plant is referred to as Indian Tobacco, because native Americans smoked dried leaves as a substitute of Tobacco. The plant became widely known at the end of the 18th century because of Samuel Thomson. |
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Kanna (Sceletium tortuosum)
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Sceletium tortuosum is a perennial succulent herb that is native to the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa. The Latin name Sceletium is derived from the word Sceletus which refer to its skeleton-like appearance when dried. (3) Kanna use among certain pastoralists and hunter-gatherer groups for a variety of purposes was first documented by the Dutch colonial administrator and founder of Cape Town van Riebeeck, in 1662. (1) The second colonial administrator of Cape Town, Van der Stel, wrote in his journal of these peoples "They chew mostly a certain plant which they call "Canna". They use it as the Indians use betel or Areca, and are of a very cheerful nature."(4) |
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Klip Dagga (Leonotis nepetifolia)
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Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa)
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Kratom is a tree in the Coffee family that is native to Thailand where it has a long history of use. It was mainly used by workers for its stimulant effects but has also been employed for a variety of other purposes.(1) The genus was first recorded and named by the Dutch Botanist Pieter Willem Korthals who gave it its name because the stamen of the species he first discovered resembled a bishop's miter. Kratom has a rich chemistry and contains more than 25 different alkaloids. Mitragynine, the most abundant one, is structurally related to Yohimbe alkaloids and is more distantly related to tryptamine alkaloids such as psilocybin and Ibogaine. The plant also contains Epicatechin which is a powerful anti-oxidant also found in Cocoa and Green Tea. Botanically Kratom is also related to Cat's Claw. Although Kratom has recently been made illegal in Thailand, Malaysia and several other countries, some people are lobbying their governments to allow medical research into Kratom as a potential prescription substance.
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Mulungu (Erythrina mulungu)
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Prickly Poppy (Argemone mexicana)
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Argemone mexicana is commonly known as Mexican Prickly Poppy or Goatweed. The leaves are variously lobed and its thorns are white and prominent with large yellow flowers. The tough stem has thorns and yellow sap. It is often found in pastures and grows in Central America, Southern USA and India. It is used in ayurvedic medicine. Dried and powdered plant material is recommended as green manure as it contain sufficient amount of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. The Prickly Poppy is native to the New World, whereas the Opium Poppy was an Old World plant. |
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Sacred Blue Lily of the Nile (Nymphaea caerulea)
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The Blue Lily, or Blue Lotus was the most sacred plant of Ancient Egypt. It was frequently depicted in works of art, where it is most often shown in party and other social scenes, and sometimes in scenes of sexual debauchery. The flowers were noted for their delightful perfume, suggestive of the sweat of Ra. "A divine essence, for bringing euphoria, heightened awareness and tranquility". Some people today believe that the Egyptians used this plant as a narcotic both for its healing qualities and as a recreational drug when soaked in wine, though this is a hotly debated topic. |
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Sacred Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
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Nelumbo nucifera, the Sacred Lotus, originates from Indonesia to India and Egypt, also grows abundantly in Surinam. Sacred Lotus possesses great significance in Eastern religion, like Buddhism and Hinduism, signifying vitality and purity. Apart from its majestic beauty, the Lotus is held sacred because of the mystical effects it can produce. It was used as a traditional relaxing and inebriating smoke, similar to a mild cannabis or was brewed into a delightful tea with the idea that it would create a feeling of joy that permeated the mind and body. Sacred Lotus is also often steeped in wine. The flowers are edible, the petals often placed in soups and used as a garnish. The Lotus is the most important object of meditation in Tantric Buddhism. |